SELECT Statements

A SELECT statement can consist of the following basic clauses:

SELECT
INTO
FROM
JOIN
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
UNION
ORDER BY
LIMIT

SELECT Syntax

The following syntax diagram outlines the syntax supported by the SQL engine of the provider:

SELECT {
  [ TOP <numeric_literal> | DISTINCT ]
  { 
    * 
    | { 
        <expression> [ [ AS ] <column_reference> ] 
        | { <table_name> | <correlation_name> } .* 
      } [ , ... ] 
  }
  [ INTO csv:// [ filename= ] <file_path> [ ;delimiter=tab ] ]
  { 
    FROM <table_reference> [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  } [ , ... ]
  [ [  
      INNER | { { LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [ OUTER ] } 
    ] JOIN <table_reference> [ ON <search_condition> ] [ [ AS ] <identifier> ] 
  ] [ ... ] 
  [ WHERE <search_condition> ]
  [ GROUP BY <column_reference> [ , ... ]
  [ HAVING <search_condition> ]
  [ UNION [ ALL ] <select_statement> ]
  [ 
    ORDER BY 
    <column_reference> [ ASC | DESC ] [ NULLS FIRST | NULLS LAST ]
  ]
  [ 
    LIMIT <expression>
    [ 
      { OFFSET | , }
      <expression> 
    ]
  ] 
} | SCOPE_IDENTITY()

<expression> ::=
  | <column_reference>
  | @ <parameter>
  | ?
  | COUNT( * | { [ DISTINCT ] <expression> } )
  | { AVG | MAX | MIN | SUM | COUNT } ( <expression> )
  | NULLIF ( <expression> , ... )
  | CASE <expression>
      WHEN { <expression> | <search_condition> } THEN { <expression> | NULL } [ ... ]
    [ ELSE { <expression> | NULL } ]
    END
  | <literal>
  | <sql_function>

<search_condition> ::=
  {
    <expression> { = | > | < | >= | <= | <> | != | LIKE | NOT LIKE | IN | NOT IN | IS NULL | IS NOT NULL | AND | OR |  
    CONTAINS | BETWEEN } [ <expression> ]
  } [ { AND | OR } ... ]

Examples

Return all columns:

SELECT * FROM [Connection Name].[Schema].[Table Name]

Rename a column:
```
SELECT [Name] AS MY_Name FROM Account
```

Cast a column’s data as a different data type:

SELECT CAST(AnnualRevenue AS VARCHAR) AS Str_AnnualRevenue FROM Account

Search data:

SELECT * FROM Account WHERE Industry = ``'Floppy Disks'``

Return the number of items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT COUNT(*) AS MyCount FROM Account
```
Return the number of unique items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Name) FROM Account
```
Return the unique items matching the query criteria:
```
SELECT DISTINCT Name FROM Account
```

Summarize data:

SELECT Name, MAX(AnnualRevenue) FROM Account GROUP BY Name

Retrieve data from multiple tables.

SELECT Customers.ContactName, Orders.OrderDate FROM Customers, Orders WHERE Customers.CustomerId=Orders.CustomerId

Sort a result set in ascending order:

SELECT BillingState, Name FROM Account ORDER BY Name ASC

Restrict a result set to the specified number of rows:

SELECT BillingState, Name FROM Account LIMIT 10

Parameterize a query to pass in inputs at execution time. This enables you to create prepared statements and mitigate SQL injection attacks.
```
SELECT * FROM Account WHERE Industry = @param
```